shally spears asked:


Operating system commands are targeted to ease the user with respect to some tasks. But due to the incomplete knowledge and sometimes due to little reckless conduct of user, harsh data loss like problems may arise. Linux also offer a set of such commands. One of them is pmove. This is the command which interacts with the physical volumes of the system.

pmove moves the allocated physical extents on SourcePhysicalVolume to other physical volumes. The physical volumes can be more than one in number. This works by first creating the temporary logical volume so as to store all the details of the data to be tackled. Now the data is searched for contiguous nature and for each such found, an entry of new segment at the end of pmove LV is made. This acts like a mirror and the original LV is updated so as to use the new temporary segment.

After this the metadata of the volume group is updated and then the mirroring of the first part of the data is done. If the process moves in sync, the mirror is broken and into the metadata, a checkpoint is written and then the process for the next moves on. After the completion of the process, the temporary volume is removed and metadata is updated.

But this whole process comes with a flaw that whenever any interruption is encountered during this, the weird data loss situation arise, forcing you to look for Linux recovery. So this is always recommended to maintain a backup while performing the operation with this command.

Some of the users also mistakenly mix LVM and LVM2 and then fall in undesirable conditions. However, for all the users facing data loss due to such issues, data recovery industry offers a solution.

This data recovery field says that data can be recovered if no overwriting has not been performed and for Linux operating systems, Linux data recovery software is the way. These software are intended to scan the hard drive with the effective scanning algorithms and retrieve the inaccessible data.

Data recovery can be performed through the interactive interface of these software. The process is safe as these Linux recovery utilities are designed with read-only nature.

Stellar Phoenix Linux Data Recovery software proves as the ultimate product for Linux data recovery. This application works for Ext2, Ext3 and ReiserFS file systems and identifies each type of file for data recovery Linux.

You will be pleased to use the software as the application is equipped with the graphically rich user interface. The software has the ability to perform complete Linux data recovery.



HostGator – The BEST Web Host

Dereck J asked:


Sometimes when you try to install device drivers on your Linux system, you might fail to do it. It could be due to incompatibility of the operating system Kernel with your device driver or device.

To work around this issue, you need to install the latest version of Linux kernel. It may include ‘forcedeth’ patch, which is capable of resolving most of the incompatibility issues.

In some cases, after installing the latest version of Kernel, when you reboot the Linux system, you might face the following error message:

“fsck.ext2: No such file or directory while trying to open /dev/hda8. The super block could not be read or does not describe a correct ext2 file system. If the device is valid and it really contains an ext2 file system (and not swap or ufs or something else) then the super block is corrupt, and you might try running e2fsck with an alternate super block: e2fsck -b 8193 fsck failed.”

After this error message, neither the system boots nor any file can be accessed.

Grounds of the issue

As stated in the error message, this problem generally occurs due to super block corruption or file system corruption.

è Super block and file system are two most important data structure of Linux system. Proper functioning of both these is required for ensuring effective working of the system.

After corruption, the operating system could not locate the file and thus can not retrieve it.

Resolution

To work around this problem, you need to install a fresh copy of super block and file system. It is possible through formatting of the hard drive and reinstallation of operating system.

Though, it will remove the errors but will also erase all the data stored on your hard drive. It is the worst scenario of data loss and needs Linux data recovery to get it fixed.

Linux data recovery is feasible with the application of third party Linux recovery software known as Linux data recovery software. Linux recovery software is easy to use and thus allow you to have simple and fast data recovery Linux.

Stellar Phoenix Linux Data Recovery is the most advanced Linux recovery software offered by the data recovery giant- Stellar. This data recovery Linux software works well in all data loss cases and allows Linux data recovery for all sorts of files.

Stellar Phoenix Linux Data Recovery software is powerful enough to carry out efficient scanning of entire hard drive and extract all lost data from it. The user interface of this software is very interactive and thus does not require any sound technical knowledge from users’ side.



HostGator – The BEST Web Host

Dereck J asked:


ReiserFS is the Journaled file system used for the Linux operating system. For the various features of this file system like metadata- only journaling, tail packing and online resizing, it is well adopted by the users who rely on it as the repository of data references.

So the reliance indicates that how critical it is that the integrity of the file system may remain maintained and depart from any corruption issues. But on the contrary of the ideal scenario, the corruption in this file system may occur, which can force you to think about Linux data recovery solution, as all the references of the stored data get wiped out with the corruption of the file system.

The unexpected system shutdown, virus attack like problems may craft this scenario of data loss. At the time of corruption, the popped up screen may suggest you to use ‘reiserfsck-rebuild-tree’, but one should be aware of the fact that at the point of file system corruption, attempting to rebuild the tree may corrupt the existing file more harshly and thus creating the critical obstacles for Linux recovery. New entries may be introduced with the gibberish contents.

Some of the other error messages may indicate that something is going fishy with the file system and thus the proper fix is needed to be deployed. After this, the data remains inaccessible as all the entries of the data gets removed, giving you a hard drive which appears particularly empty, which in reality is not.

For data recovery Linux, only the proper mechanism is required. The data is still there on the hard drive and can be fetched out with the suitable algorithms. The Linux data recovery software can well perform this from their targeted scanning algorithms.

In case of file system corruption, the Linux recovery must not reference the file system, as this has been refreshed and thus the feature like RAW File Recovery must be there in the software to cope the particular situation.

Data recovery Linux software avail the interactive user interface to the users and are available for different file systems. With the varying set of features, these Linux recovery products maintain the integrity of the data.

Stellar Phoenix Linux Data Recovery software is the most developed and advanced data recovery utility which follows the superb mechanism to scan the affected hard drive with the well-built algorithms. The software supports Ext2, Ext3 and ReiserFS file system and offers you complete and valuable Linux data recovery options.

The RAW File Recovery option of the software is valuable for the file system corruption like issues. This data recovery Linux software can recognize each file type.



HostGator – The BEST Web Host

Mahendra asked:


 

Raid stands for Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disk. It combines multiple small disks into a single logical store unit. Its performance is more than that of Single Large expensive drive (SLED).

For Raid

MTBF of Array = MTBF of individual drive/ Total no of drive in array

Therefore in Raid Mean time between failures (MTBF) is less as compared to SLED.Raid helps in achieving redundancy, low latency, higher bandwidth for reading and writing. It also helps recovery at the time of hard-disk crash.

Raid offers different level. They are as fallows:

1. Raid – 0

It has more improved performance and data storage capacity but is not redundant.

Therefore failure of any disk results in data lost. It is also called “striping”.

2. Raid – 1

It provides redundancy by writing all data in two disks. The speed of accessing data becomes faster. But the array capacity is equal to the capacity of one member disk. Therefore it is more expensive. This also referred as “Mirroring”.

3. Raid -2

It uses Hamming error correction code correction.

4. Raid -3

It strips data at byte level across several drives with parity stored on one drive.

5. Raid -4

It stripes data at block level from several drives with parity stored on one drive.

The speed of reading data is fast enough but for writing it is slow. Since writing requires the parity data be updated each time.

6. Raid-5

It distributes the parity among all drives. If the drive fails need replacement but the array is not destroyed by the single disk failure.

7. Raid-6

It is stripped with dual parity. If two drives fail the array continues the operation.

It provides more safety of data.

There are two types of raid solution in Linux:

1. Software Raid Solution:

It offers cheaper raid solution not only for expensive disk controller cards but also works with cheaper IDE disks as well as SCSI disks. There are two Linux software RAID implementation: MD (multi-disk) driver and the EVMS driver.

2. Hardware Raid Solution

The hardware-based system manages the RAID subsystem independently from the host and presents to the host only a single disk per RAID array.

If anyhow you lost your Linux file you are not able to recover it. You become very much frustrated you don’t know what to do .You can use Linux recovery software. It helps you to recover your ext2, ext3 and Resier Linux file without any extra efforts. Stellar Phoenix Linux data recovery provides you the complete solution for your lost data.



HostGator – The BEST Web Host

Selwin Verallo asked:


Because of our being forgetful in nature, we oftentimes forget the files that we have created. We can only be fortunate if we can still remember the path, folder, or directory where we have stored those missing files. If that’s the case, it would never be a big deal then. However, trully this a big problem and even painful if we can’t even remember where we have placed the missing files in our computer. “Simple,” I’m hearing you… “find it.” Yeah, we can find it. But wait, do you know the filename?

Forgetting files and forgetting the filenames are most common in us. I will never believe somebody out there have a photographic memory and has never experienced missing some of the files he had created before. For sure, we all have gone through that frightening experience especially if the file that is missing is so precious to us.

In Windows, this problem can easily be addressed just by using the find or search tool in the Start menu. Can you remember some texts or phrases in the filename? Use “find files with names” and unleash the power of the wildcard character (*). For example, if you can only remember the word “statistic” in the filename, then search for “*statistic*” and that will search for files with the word “statistic” in the filename. “I can’t even remember a word in the filename,” again I can hear you saying that. Well, I don’t think you can’t even remeber even a single word in the file content itself. If you can’t remember even a word or phrase in the filename then go for the file content itself. In Windows, still you can search for files containing some texts that you specify in your “find files containing text” input box. That will absolutely solve your problem of forgetting words in the filename itself.

However, if you are in Linux, the whole thing would be more different and complex than it is in Windows especially if you are just a normal user dependent on the GUI interface. Linux is more on executing commands from a shell.

So if you are a normal user and that you are facing the “missing files” problem in Linux, don’t worry, I will show you the most common methods in solving this issue:

Find files that contain a text string

grep -lir “text to find” *

The -l switch outputs only the names of files in which the text occurs (instead of each line containing the text), the -i switch ignores the case, and the -r descends into subdirectories.

Find files containing search terms on Ubuntu

To find files containing keywords, linux has a powerful command called grep, which you can use to find the lines inside any file or a list of files.

grep -i -n ‘text to search’ *

List files containing text

Used to recursively search a directory for files containing a string, output the names of the files and the line number. This will search all regular files in for .

grep –with-filename –line-number `find -type f`



HostGator – The BEST Web Host

shally spears asked:


Perhaps, many of the Linux users have faced a condition when the particular mounted partition may refuse to unmount, when they try to do so. The error messages which state that the device is busy may pop up, perhaps this is being accessed by other users at that time.

But with Linux, you can make use of certain commands to forcedly unmount the partition. Actually, so that you may not need Linux recovery, these restrictions are necessary when any other user is accessing it. However, the critical conditions may arise when this is not accepted, so you can make use of these commands. On the other hand, the incorrect use or the mere mistake can again make you feel need of Linux data recovery.

• At first, find out which processes are moving with the device/partition, through the command like:

# lsof | grep ‘/dev/sda1′

Where /dev/sdb1 is the device name.

• You will get an output of the command which will show the process using the device. Just stop the process and then try to unmount using # unmount /dev/sda1 command. –l option can also be used with for lazy unmount. This will cleanup all refrences to the file system

• Now suppose that it is mounted on /mnt directory, then you can forcefully have the desired process through the following command:

# fuser -km /mnt

Here –k kills the file accessing process and –m is the file on a mounted file system or a block device.

As has been stated earlier too, these can affect your data, so better be prepared for any such mishappening. Be sure to run the commands if you are sure of, else to fall for data recovery Linux. The open files may get lost and the programs, which access the files after all has been done, can get error.

If you are an unfortunate user to lose data as such, make use of Linux data recovery software as no other option will do. Linux recovery software scan the drive and recover each bit of the information.

Stellar Phoenix Linux Data Recovery software is the most trustworthy product for getting data recovery Linux. The software is the product of great intellectual effort and can scan the drive by using most powerful scanning algorithms.

You can get Linux recovery for all the files, even system files. The supported file systems include Ext2, Ext3 and ReiserFS file systems.



HostGator – The BEST Web Host

Dereck J asked:


http://www.articlesbase.com

 

A dual boot or multi boot is a system in which two operating systems are installed on a single hard drive, letting you boot from either of the operating system. The boot loader is a program which allows you to have dual booting.

General combination of operating systems exercised in dual booting includes Linux and Windows. The dual booting allows you to use features and functions of both of the operating systems on a single computer. Dual boot systems are mostly useful for programmers and testers.

Although, dual boot systems are very useful but sometimes they can also cause several problems. A minor mistake made by the user while making a dual boot system can lead to the several catastrophic problems.

A common mistake made by the users, while making a dual boot system, is selecting “prepare hard drive” option. This option appears you when you install Windows operating system on a Linux system, in order to make it multi boot.

When you use this option, all of the hard drive partitions and stored data gets deleted. After that new partitions are created and the operating system is installed. When the installation will complete, you will have a blank hard drive without any operating system and data. Everything, which was previously stored on the hard drive, will be deleted.

Data loss and hard drive partition loss is the worst case scenario which a computer user, either general or professional, could face. It can cause several nightmares and can possibly put you out of the business.

In such circumstances, it becomes really important to recover your precious data from the formatted hard drive to save you and your business. The data recovery in these cases needs to be performed for the Linux data.

The data recovery Linux is possible through the use of Linux data recovery software. Linux recovery software is the applications, offered by the several data recovery companies, to handle all the data loss situations.

A powerful data recovery Linux software does a thorough scan of the hard drive and extracts data up to the maximum level of possibility. To ensure the absolute Linux data recovery, selecting powerful Linux recovery software of trusted brand is worth.

Stellar Phoenix Linux Data Recovery software is the most influential hard drive recovery software provided by the most trusted name of the data recovery industry- Stellar. This software is able to attend all the data loss scenarios and recover data in a quick and easy way.

This Linux Recovery software is extremely powerful and easy to use so that you can carry out Linux data recovery without having any sound technical knowledge. This software supports all the Linux file systems such as Ext2, Ext3 and ReiserFS.

 



HostGator – The BEST Web Host

lazyurl asked:


System Backup Administrator (SBAdmin) is the flagship offering from Storix; a recovery and backup platform primarily targeted for Linux and AIX equipment. The SBAdmin platform differing primarily in scale and offered in multiple flavors; including the feature Desktop limited edition, for non single system, non-commercial users; the Workstation edition, to perform with multiple systems or single systems that do not share network resources; and lastly the Network Administrator version, which allows between network machines, in particular the centralized management of backup jobs. Each machine on the network can be a client (to be backed up from) or a server (to be backed up to) or both in the Network Administrator version, with the central console monitoring their status and managing the backup jobs between them.

SBAdmin platform’s key function is its ability to perform full system recovery of data to machines with differing hardware from the original source; facilitating such operations as the replication or cloning of machines without the need to reinstall the O/S and applications individually on new equipment. As referred by Storix. Inc., as the Adaptable System Recovery (ASR), the technology provides for restores that acclimatize the backed up data to the hardware detected during installation. If differences are detected between the backup and the newly detected hardware, the software will make recommendations to the user on how to complete the restoration, such as making the user aware of the selection of new disks or of the automated shrinking of file systems. In addition to migrating a backup to new hardware, the backup can be modified when restored to the same machine as well; facilitating the transferring of storage allocations on the device, such as: migrating to Logical Volumes or Software RAID from disk partitions; transferring partitions to different disks; splitting a single FS into multiple systems, etc.).

Linux and AIX machines is the primary target for the SBAdmin, however, the product’s maker, Storix, Inc., notes that Windows or Mac OS X based backups are also a possible option to be considered within the Network Administrator version; a process which is made possible due to the product’s ability to backup exposed data via the SMB protocol. This exposed data is then backed up by first moving the SMB data temporarily on to a Linux SMB host and then backing it up from there. The data can then be restored to Linux or AIX file systems, if desired, as an additional feature if the user so chooses. As described above, full system recoveries are not available for backups that are SMB-based.

Additional optional features include backup encryption. The data is encrypted at the client prior to being transmitted over the network, with options by the original machine, or a machine with the proper encryption keys installed, to limit the backup to being read only. The ability to execute live backups of point-in-time data, via Split-Mirror-Backups on AIX systems and Snapshot Logical Volumes on Linux; and an elective Oracle Database Backup feature incorporating Oracle database backups with the SBAdmin interface.

SBAdmin’s latest release is the aforementioned Oracle RMAN integration, as well as a remote install manager permitting remotely managed system recovery; a Web-based interface; support for numerous compression levels; retention policies and new notification; and according to Storix, Inc., offers a performance amplification of up to 2x write and 4x read.

With pricing ranging from $99 for the desktop version to $895 for the Network Administrator version, SDAdmin is available now. There is an additional cost of $395 for additional backup client/server licenses.

Visit the Storix, Inc. web site for more information.



HostGator – The BEST Web Host

shally spears asked:


When you start any application on your Linux system, you may come across with the following error message:

“Program name: error in loading shared libraries: lib ***…so. X: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory.”

After this error message, the application gets terminated unexpectedly and you can not use it any more.

Reason of this problem

This problem occurs with the applications which are using shared libraries. This problem occurs if your computer has incompatible libraries to the applications or the applications and system have mismatched file versions of libraries.

Another reason of this problem could be the corruption to system files. The corruption could be the result of virus attack. Due to corruption, the application could not access the required files and fails to start.

Regardless of the reason, this error message leads to the inaccessibility of your precious data stored on the hard drive and ultimately leads to data loss. For savin your business critical data, it is extremely important to solve this issue as soon as possible.

Resolution

To work around this issue, you can use the following two options:

? If the problem is due to incompatible application or system libraries, update them.

? If it does not work, the problem is due to system file corruption and it needs to reinstall the operating system.

Reinstallation of operating system is the ultimate solution of all the system related problems. But it also has a downside which can lead to data loss. Reinstallation requires hard drive formatting and formatting wipes all the data stored on the drive.

In these situations, you need for something which can perform data recovery Linux to recover your lost Linux data. The data recovery Linux is feasible with the application of Linux recovery software.

Linux data recovery software are the perfect solutios of Linux recovery. They can carry out data recovery Linux in all cases of data loss. These software are highly developed and do fast and effective Linux data recovery.

Stellar Phoenix Linux Data Recovery software is the best ever made and highly developed Linux recovery software. This software is applicable to each and every case of data loss and executes efficient data recovery Linux.

You can use this Linux data recovery software for all flavors of Linux to recover all sorts of lost files including documents, spreadsheets, library files, application data and many alike. User interface of this Linux recovery software is very cool looking and thus allows you to have trouble-free data recovery Linux.



HostGator – The BEST Web Host

Kelly Mills asked:


Linux is a great operating system which is having various unique capacities that is not available in other operating system. It has capacities for high capacity data maintenance, multi user and multi tasking capacities which are very essential for today’s world where there is a huge amount of data as well as information which need to store in the computer. Linux is perfect suitable for these kind of thing and is used for a long time in the high capacities servers. Data loss is a very risky thing which occurs in all the operating system and unfortunately it happens in Linux operating systems too. We generally think that once the data lost can’t recover forever and it was true till there was not any solution for this kind of problem. As programmers and developers felt this problem, they made the software which can rescue all the lost data.

If you are using the Linux based computer systems then you might face the following problems:

• Lost or Corrupted MBR

• Lost or Corrupted Super Block

• Lost or Corrupted Inode Table

• Deletion of files or folders

• Root Directories corruption

• Corrupted BGD (Block Group Descriptor)

Finally they made software which has capacity to recover all the data and named it as Linux data recovery software. This software can recover the files after:

• Files get removed by virus attack

• Files get removed due to power failure

• Files get removed due to system failure

• Files get removed due to human error

• The volume is reformatted even with a different operating system

• Change or damage in volume structure

• Presence of bad sectors on the disk

The Linux data recovery Software has a very intuitive graphical interface which is an on-screen wizard that will guide you to perform all the necessary steps for data recovery. The Linux data recovery software has the TurboScan technology and some adjustable tweaks which can make the recovery process much faster than before. It needs windows 2000, XP or 2003 as a host operating system. The software supports Ext2FS and Ext3FS file system. It has disk imaging and cloning capacities. The Disk Imaging helps in create image files that can be used as a regular disk. The Disk Cloning option allow the cloning the faulty disk to a healthy disk.

You can have various file transfer options with the Linux data recovery software. You can save the recover files on the other system of network. Moreover you can save the files on the remote FTP location also. It also performs the logical volume management (LVM) support for Linux volumes. It is available as demo version and License version. Demo is available for free and you have to purchase the License version. Different Licenses are available for different kind of users and you can choose it from them.



HostGator – The BEST Web Host